Climate change is reshaping agriculture worldwide, and mango production is no exception. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), known as the "king of fruits," thrives in tropical and subtropical regions. However, changes in temperature and rising CO₂ levels pose challenges for mango cultivation.
Mango trees are generally heat-tolerant but perform best in specific temperature ranges. While they can survive temperatures from 0°C to 48°C, extended exposure to cold can damage young trees and disrupt flowering. Optimal growth occurs between 27°C and 33°C, but cold spells can negatively impact pollen viability, leading to reduced fruit set.
In many regions, erratic temperature patterns, such as warmer nights during the winter, have disrupted mango flowering cycles. The combination of hot days and cool nights typically supports fruit development, but when temperatures fluctuate excessively, it can lead to poor fruit quality and lower yields. For instance, sudden heat waves during the flowering period can damage pollen, reducing the overall fruit set.
Despite these challenges, mangoes have a high genetic diversity, offering opportunities for adaptation through selective breeding. This resilience allows mango cultivators to explore strategies to manage the impacts of climate change, such as selecting varieties more tolerant of temperature variations.
The future of mango production depends on adapting to climate changes, making it essential for growers and researchers to prioritize strategies that can ensure the fruit’s continued success in a changing world.
DOI Link: https://dx.doi.org/10.61927/igmin115
Full Text: https://www.igminresearch.com/articles/html/igmin115
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