Levetiracetam, a commonly prescribed anti-epileptic drug, is generally well-tolerated, with side effects such as lethargy, drowsiness, and headaches. However, rare complications like rhabdomyolysis can pose significant health risks. A recent case study highlights the importance of monitoring creatinine kinase (CK) levels in patients using levetiracetam to detect this potentially life-threatening condition.
The study presents a case of a 20-year-old epilepsy patient who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) and elevated CK levels (peaking at 19,757 IU/L) after receiving levetiracetam. Symptoms included muscle pain and fatigue, which resolved after the medication was discontinued and replaced with lamotrigine. This case underscores the necessity for vigilance, as rhabdomyolysis can occur asymptomatically with only a rise in CK levels.
Rhabdomyolysis results from muscle tissue breakdown, leading to the release of harmful components like myoglobin and CK into the bloodstream. While typically associated with trauma, extreme exercise, or dehydration, rare instances have linked levetiracetam to this condition. To date, only 15 cases of levetiracetam-induced rhabdomyolysis have been reported globally, emphasizing the need for increased awareness among healthcare providers.
The findings highlight the critical need for regular CK level monitoring in patients on levetiracetam, particularly those reporting muscle-related symptoms or showing signs of AKI. Early detection and intervention, including discontinuation of the drug, are key to preventing severe complications.
This research calls for heightened awareness of levetiracetam's rare side effects, encouraging healthcare professionals to adopt proactive monitoring and individualized treatment plans for their patients.
Full Text: https://www.igminresearch.com/articles/html/igmin228
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